闪蒸与分馏原油稳定方法对比分析
Comparison and analysis of the crude oil stabilizing method of flash and fractional distillation.
张全娟
作者单位：东北石油大学
中文关键字：原油稳定;闪蒸稳定;分馏稳定;工艺流程图;模拟试验
英文关键字：Stability of crude oil; Flash stability; Fractionation stabilization; Process flow diagram; Simulation test
中文摘要：为了降低原油蒸气压，避免蒸发损耗和环境污染，必须对原油脱水后进行原油稳定工艺，所以对不同的稳定方法进行对比分析。目前油田公司选择原油稳定方法不但要考虑分离程度，还要从能耗、经济效益和环境等方面进行分析,从而选择适用的稳定方案。本文对三种不同工艺的原理流程图和特点进行了详细的阐述，对能耗、建设投资、轻烃产量和脱硫模拟试验进行比较，得出负压闪蒸只适合以降低原油蒸发损耗为目的原油稳定装置，若原油H_2 S质量浓度高，在拔出率高的工况下工作，使用分馏工艺经济效益高。本文得出不同方案的适用性，为以后选择原油稳定方案提供了方便，不仅带来了良好的成效，也带来了可观的经济效益。
英文摘要：In order to reduce the vapor pressure of crude oil, avoid evaporation loss and environmental pollution, the crude oil stabilization process must be carried out when the crude oil is dehydrated, so the different stabilization methods are compared and analyzed. At present, oil field companies choose oil stabilization method not only to consider the degree of separation, but also to make comparative analysis on energy consumption, economic benefit and environment, and then choose the applicable stabilization plan. In this paper the principle flow chart of three kinds of different process and the characteristic has carried on the detailed elaboration and simulation experiment comparison of energy consumption, investment, production and light hydrocarbon desulfurization, and a negative pressure flash only fit for the purpose of reduce the evaporation loss of crude oil stabilizer, but If the quality of crude oil H_2 S is high, working under the condition of high extraction rate, the economic benefit with using fractionation process is high.Therefore, the paper is obtained applicability of different schemes, which provides convenience for the selection of oil stabilization scheme in the future and not only brings good results, but also brings considerable economic benefits.